If you want people to pay the true costs, which in the case
of driving they should, simply tax fuel. This is much, much easier
to implement than toll roads, pay-by-the-mile GPS or whatever. It also
has the big advantage that it additionally encourages people to
save fuel by driving a more efficient car, carpooling etc.

I can see exceptions for a transit country such as Germany where high
fuel taxes could lead to lorries filling up before entering the country
(Germany has recently implemented a GPS-controlled pay-per-kilometer
system FOR LORRIES), but for 95% of all transportation, fuel is bought
and consumed locally.